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While at Kolkata, Raman made significant contributions to the field of
vibration and sound, musical instruments, magnetism and the scattering of light.
Scattering of light is known as the ‘Raman Effect ’. Due to his contribution to
optics Raman got Noble Prize for physics in 1930. Raman became the first Asian

to receive a Noble Prize in Science. He often said, “The essence of science is
independent thinking and hard work not equipment”.

Homi Jahangir Bhabha

Homi Jahangir Bhabha was born on 30th October,
1909 in Mumbai. Bhabha belonged to an illustrious

family with a long tradition of learning and service to
the country. The family lived close to the house of Tatas.
After passing out from the Cathedral High school in

Mumbai, he went to England in 1927 to join the Caius
College in Cambridge to study mechanical engineering.

He came back to India in 1939 and joined the Indian
Institute of science, Bangalore in 1940. He contributed Homi Jahangir Bhabha
in establishment of Tata Institute of Fundamental Research and Bhabha Atomic

Research Centre . He contributed his expert guidance in building the atomic
reactors, Apsara , Circus and Jerlina . He also contributed in setting up of country’s

first atomic power plant at Tarapur and installing the first plutonium plant.
Research in electronics, space science, radio astronomy and microbiology were
also encouraged by him. He is known as the father of India’s atomic programme .

Let’s Answer

1. What was the famous invention of C.V. Raman?
______________________________________________________________________________
2. Where did H.J. Bhabha get his starting education?
______________________________________________________________________________

Avul Pakir Jainulabdeen Abdul Kalam

His popular name is Dr. A.P.J. Abdul Kalam. He was a great scientist and an
engineer. He was born on 15th October, 1931 in a poor family in

Ramanathapuram , Tamil Nadu.
He received his degree in aeronautical engineering from the Madras Institute

of technology in 1958. He joined India’s Defence Research and Development
Organization (DRDO) upon graduation to work on a failed hovercraft project.

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